I identify six approaches to reading:

1) Dogmatic;

2) Critical;

3) Hermeneutical;

4) Skeptical;

5) Dogma-criticàl;

6) Hermeneutical-skeptical.

The key ones are: dogmatic, critical, and skeptical. I use three approaches.

Dogmatic approach to reading

The essence of the approach: You should believe in what you read and rely on it.

Conditions for applying the approach: it is used when reading sacred texts, textbooks, authoritative classics and some favorite works.

Universality*: This approach cannot be universal, since it is impossible to imagine a person who could believe absolutely everything they read. The dogmatic approach to reading is selective, not universal.

 

Benefits: through this approach, beliefs are formed that form the core of the human personality. Without this type of reading, it is impossible to imagine the formation of culture and the entire cultural stratum in General.

 

Harm: Faith turns away from understanding and is likely to lead to a clash of beliefs. The consequences of such clashes can vary from heated disputes to violent wars of conquest.

 

Notes: although dogmatic reading may not be universal, it is basic in the sense that it is primary.

 

Critical approach to reading

Primary attribute: a critique. Explanation of the attribute: Criticism here refers to a negative judgment about something.

 

The essence of the approach: what you Read should be criticized.

Conditions for applying the approach: it is used when reading texts that do not correspond to the reader's faith, tastes and beliefs.

 

Universality: this approach can be universal when a person criticizes absolutely everything, but it is usually selective. There are very few people who criticize everything. In addition, one or another belief is necessary for criticism. One can only criticize one's beliefs with the help of others, so it is very difficult to imagine the purest criticism.

 

Benefits: Thanks to this approach, there are some changes in the world of opinions, beliefs replace each other. Harm: Criticism as the reverse side of faith is the cause of all its shortcomings.

 

Notes: I am aware that the word "criticism" is also used in the sense of evaluative analysis, but it was important for me to highlight the negative aspect of faith. Belief is a positive aspect of faith, but belief in the negative nature of something is a negative one. This role is given to criticism in this article. It should also be emphasized that the critical approach grows out of the dogmatic one, since criticism requires basic dogmas on which criticism will be based.

Skeptical approach to reading

Main attribute: doubt.

Explanation of attributes: doubt is a state in which a person refrains from accepting a particular belief and this state is not based on a particular dogma (empirical, mathematical, Christian, etc.). I refer Refraining from judgment provoked by a particular dogma to criticism.

The essence of the approach: You should doubt what you read.

Conditions for applying the approach: It can be applied to any text.

Universality: This approach can be either universal or selective.

Use: No use.

Damage: No faults.

Notes: for the skeptic, what you read, what you don't read - everything leads to a clearing of beliefs. Books are collections of beliefs, and therefore the true skeptic does not derive any harm or henefit from them, which does not bring any fruit and no harm