Abstract

Architecture shares similar values with the sustainable development goals of achieving a better and more sustainable future for all, especially urban dwellers. Specifically, goal eleven associates provision of safe, inclusive, and accessible green and public spaces for vulnerable groups with making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient, and sustainable. However, the paucity of baseline data has been identified as a hindrance to implementing this target by many developing nations. Since perception is a salient factor in the use of public space, this article argues that an accurate picture of how public spaces are been used will emerge from an analysis of the perception of public space over time. Therefore, the study aims to assess the changing perceptions of public parks in Makurdi from 1976 to 2018, thereby addressing the gap in baseline data as well as providing a clear picture of public space use over time for forecasting and remedial action. Specific objectives include: identification of park features, analysis of conditions of such features, as well as a perceptual audit of respondents. A sample size of 400 respondents was determined using the Taro Yamane formula applied to the 1991 population census figure. This population was disaggregated according to two age cohorts—<60 years (85%) and > 60 years (15%)—to determine variation over time. The instrument of perception audits was used to collect information on eighteen variables measuring the perception of insecurity and quality using proxies in parks. Findings indicate the respondents’ perception of insecurity and poor quality of park premises has been sustained over time in most of the indices measuring perception. Negative views on security and quality of parks are bound to negatively affect the use of parks, especially by vulnerable groups. This study, therefore, recommends the revitalization of parks by emphasising elements that will improve the perception of insecurity and quality in parks especially by vulnerable groups.