Abstract

The implementation of climate change adaptation and greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) mitigation not only results in synergy and co-benefits of climate change adaptation and mitigation but also leads to socioeconomic, environmental, and institutional benefits. The main objective of the study is to develop the methodology to assess the co-benefits of climate change response actions in nationally determined contributions (NDCs) as well as Vietnam’s sustainable development goals (SDGs). During this research study, it was found that GHG mitigation can lead to an adaptation rate of 2.9 (on a scale of 5), which is higher than that of climate change adaptation to climate change mitigation (which is a rate of 1.9 on a scale of 5). Most of the overall benefits of GHGs reduction are gained in the Land Use, Land-Use Change, and Forestry (LULUCF) sector. As for the climate change adaptation, the overall benefits can be received most in the agricultural and the rural development sector. Moreover, the implementation of climate change actions also facilitates the achievement of SDGs.