Ninth International Conference on Food Studies

Abstract

Prospective epidemiological studies, some randomized prevention trials, and many short-term studies have revealed a good deal about the specific dietary and lifestyle determinants of major chronic diseases such as diabetes, coronary artery disease (CAD), ischemic stroke, and some specific cancers. These diseases were common only in high-income countries but recently are now becoming the dominant sources of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A general conclusion is that reducing identified, modifiable dietary and lifestyle risk factors could prevent most cases of CAD, stroke, and diabetes. These diseases are not inevitable consequences of a modern society. Low rates of these diseases can be attained without drugs or expensive medical facilities. The key to preventing these diseases will require changes in behaviors related to smoking, physical activity, and diet; investments in education, food policies, and urban physical infrastructure are needed to support and encourage these changes.