Organizational Views (Asynchronous Session)
The Internationalisation of the Firm: An Analysis of a Brazilian Eucalyptus Pulp Exporter in 2018 Based on Uppsala and Bartlett & Ghoshal Models View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Graziela Ares
The present research had compared how Uppsala and Bartlett & Ghoshal (B&G) models explain the internationalization process of the Brazilian pulp producers using the case of Fibria. The Uppsala model describes the developments of capabilities that enable the firm to move towards higher commitments abroad. Despite its sine-qua-non dependence on foreign markets, it is unlikely that Fibria will internationalize its production to another country, given the country-specific advantages that the company has in Brazil. Nevertheless, Fibria set its structure abroad even when the direct exports would suffice to reach the markets without any foreign direct investment. B&G deals with the aspects of the organizational structure and described the Transnational type as the evolution of the international firm. In their typology, Fibria was a Global and Ethnocentric type, but interestingly, elements of Transnational and Geocentric models were also observed in the company. Both theories overlap or complement each other in many aspects. However, they could not explain the peculiarities of the internationalization of Fibria. One reason is the lack of country-related elements in these models. Eventually, comparisons between theories such as those presented enable decisionmakers to align the corporate strategy using suitable models and policymakers to understand and improve the attractiveness of their countries, bearing in mind the limitations that each method entails.
A Social Constructionist View Over the Working System: Challenges and Opportunities of Actual Crises View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Doina Gavrilov
From the very beginning, human beings have shaped their social tendencies out of the need to survive (Leclercle, 1957). Communication and learning were the basis for their development. In time, humans have learned to use these tools to fulfill their needs. This process has gradually led to other needs that were classified based on the immediate necessity of survival (physiological needs, safety, sent of belonging, esteem, and fulfillment based on personal evolution) (Maslow, 1943, cited in McLeod, 2018). The twenty-first century shows that Europe has evolved so much that the first four human needs could be easily met (Van Bijsterveld, 2004). However, once the basic needs were not a concern anymore, the whole system, which did not keep up with the new challenges, gradually came to hinder people’s ability to further provide for their needs, even the basic ones. Starting from the social constructionist approach, I analyze human behavior and the human need for change. Then, to find out the level of happiness among people, I sent a questionnaire to a group of working people from Romania. Based on the questionnaire, I establish which are the most difficult needs to fulfill within the limits of the current work system, the direction in which human needs have evolved, and the reasons why this social reality has not changed. In these times, the coronavirus pandemic represents an opportunity not only to change the whole system but also to reconstruct the idea of human work in the technology and global warming era.
Leading in a Disruptive World: Lessons from Mother Nature View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Laurie Yates
A glimpse of the future sets the stage for an examination and rebirth of leading change. Thrust into the Fourth Industrial Revolution, an Age of Disruptive Evolution, and a cyber-dominated world with a velocity of organizational disruption never before experienced, a paradigm shift in organizational leadership is needed. A leadership approach that is more organic in nature, one that allows for constant adaptation and itself transforms as a living organism might, is required to meet this era of rapid, exponential, and continual transformation. This work builds on the existing body of leadership scholarship but moves beyond it. The project is founded on an extensive literature review and critical reappraisal of leadership theory. A theoretical reconceptualization of leadership follows. A reimaging of the leadership process leads to an Adaptive DNA leadership model that closes the gap between the present and the future. The proposed model consists of three primary domains and one ingredient that binds it all together, connectivity. Stuck in the current paradigm, most leaders are unable to shift to a more self-organizing, adaptive world, but this new approach to leadership provides answers on leading change in the tumultuous Fourth Industrial Revolution.
Water Supply in the Colonial City of New Delhi (1911-31) View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Vanshika Kirar
New Delhi became the national capital of India during colonial rule in 1911 when the British government decided to shift its capital from Calcutta. One of the immediate requirements after the setting of the new capital city of New Delhi was supply of drinking water to the residents. The British government introduced a modern water supply system. My examines why it became essential for the British to introduce the modern water supply treatment plant based on European model. I also highlight the challenges that the engineers faced here in New Delhi. This paper explains the mechanism of water supply and examines how the ecological setting of New Delhi posed a challenge to the water supply plant.
Assessing Spiritual Health Through the Use of Spiritual Health Assessment Tools: Indications for End-of-Life Care View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Cheryl Ann Green
Nurses deliver patient-centered care daily to end-of-life patients and provide emotional support for family members and significant others. Compassionate care that embraces the alleviation of suffering, the recognition of values and self-determination, and non-judgmentally provides support to the dying, is the distinctive feature of end-of-life care provided by nursing professionals. Therefore, like physical and mental health assessments that are provided by nursing professionals, spiritual health assessments may also be provided. This process is considered based on practical experience.
Airline Management and the Role of Sustainability as a Tool for Recovery in a Post-COVID Era View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Eva Maleviti
After the great knock, aviation industry faced the past year, the growth levels returned to 1991s, showing a slow and painful recovery ahead. Hundreds of thousands of employees are redundant, and many companies shut down, unable to survive throughout the past year. The necessity is for the remained ones to stay viable, especially when signs of recovery will start showing after 2024. The new circumstances require an organizational change that will support innovation. Radical interventions are necessary for the aviation industry to remain resilient and sustainable. Corporate sustainability could be the means to achieve that goal, embracing innovation in the organizational structure of aviation. This paper considers the necessary components that must be addressed in airline companies to remain resilient and sustainable in a post-COVID era, which might last for longer than expected.
About the Names of Running Meets in Japan View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Yasuo Shimizu
Running is booming in the world now. In this study, the characteristics in naming the meets and some features peculiar to running in Japan found through the naming are examined. The results of the consideration are as follows. Most of the meets are named after the locations, and some add with the word "international. The word "marathon" is also found in a lot of cases, while most of the courses are shorter, or longer, than real marathon. This naming is not much found in other countries than Japan. The sound of marathon may be attractive to the people. In addition, some races have the name of famous people. This would be another distinguishing characteristic of naming the meets in Japan.
Outcomes of Shared Value: Perceptions within the South African Mining Industry View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Talifhani Khubana, Chantal Rootman, Elroy Eugene Smith
Mining has helped to shape South Africa and accounts for a significant proportion of the country's gross domestic product (GDP), foreign exchange earnings, and employment. South African mining is foundational to the development of other industries and the socio-economic priorities of government and communities. Despite being recognized as the backbone of the South African economy and having the means to drive inclusive development and sustainability, the mining industry is hampered by escalating prices, technological difficulties, policy uncertainty, and footprints of illnesses and severe environmental effects. Shared Value (SV) creation is a core business practice that focuses on identifying and expanding the connections between societal and economic progress, including environmental opportunities, simultaneously. The primary objective of this paper is to assess the outcomes of SV within the South African mining industry. A convenience sample of 340 respondents employed as managers within the mining industry completed self-administered questionnaires to gather their perceptions on SV. From a quantitative analysis, the empirical results showed two statistically significant relationships, namely that SV leads to Competitive Advantage and Sustainability Performance. The study contributes by providing practical recommendations to managers in the mining industry and policymakers to improve competitiveness and sustainability performance as well as increasing their economic prosperity by resolving social and environmental issues of mutual interest to communities, government, and other key stakeholders.
Expansion of Organizational Knowledge through Teamwork: Relationship between Limited Rationality, Effectuation Theory, and Teamwork View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session América Celeste González Navarrete, Iván Vázquez Cenil, Fernando Elí Ortiz-Hernández
Organizational knowledge increases by taking into account the skills and experience of each person in the organization through teamwork. Each person has a series of resources and means to seek a desired effect, but when one or more people join the vision of the decision maker, the resources are multiply and the chances of success to translate the vision of the organization into reality increase. The above is only achieved by applying the principles of the entrepreneurship, i) bird in hand, identifying the available means, ii) affordable loss, determining the potential risk and assuming the acceptable loss, iii) crazy quilt, find commitment and professionalism, iv) lemonade, take advantage of unforeseen events and v) pilot on the plane. A person who knows how to deal with a crisis is required. It is necessary to know the aspirations and goals of a person so that the organization benefits from their tacit knowledge by offering a platform to achieve them, by doing this a healthy environment is created to share information that must be validated through a test or founded by facts to prevent the organization from being affected, it is better not to have information than false and unfounded information.
