Growing Resilience
Adaptation Strategies to Improve the Resiliency and Sustainability of Agricultural Systems in the Face of Climate Change and Market Fluctuation View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Rim Alamin
In this paper a choice of adaptation strategies in the face of climate change and the uncertainty of the market is reviewed in our case study Ballbeck El-Hermel “Lebanon”. First, we identify, through ongoing projects, available statistics and highly targeted field surveys, the main agricultural actors in each territory and to characterize the diversity of agricultural households. Then we offer a discussion for the co-construction of adaptation strategies. This choice is made collectively with the actors of the territory through several workshops. The strategies combine three types of criteria: agronomic and environmental, socio-economic, and organizational by proposing and testing the creation of new collective production strategies. An extensive database was created from the surveys, then corrected and cleaned to create a new, reliable, and up-to-date database for the study area. The study is based on three dominant system in the region: 1. The vegetable system 2. The Arboriculture system 3.The Mixed system (arboriculture and cereals). Eight detailed strategies have been put in place, now we must choose an adequate methodological framework to evaluate these strategies. To meet this requirement, the AHP method was chosen as a suitable solution. AHP, as an approach to multicriteria analysis, lends itself perfectly to the multidimensional nature of the criteria involved. This transition to the use of AHP paves the way for a more in-depth and nuanced evaluation of these strategies.
The Impact of Natural Disaster on Education in Brazil View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Ana Lucia Kassouf
Classified as the result of an extreme or intense phenomenon in the social system, natural disasters can affect human life in several dimensions. At macroeconomic levels, compromises economic growth, infrastructure, and employment levels. In the microeconomics sphere, it affects access to basic services, such as human capital formation, earnings, and health or nutrition. This research analyzes the impact of natural disasters on the students’ test scores in Portuguese and Mathematics, dropout rates, and grade promotion in Brazil using Fixed Effects models. A municipal panel data set was created from 2009 to 2019 using data from the Integrated Disaster Information System (S2ID) of the National Secretariat for Civil Defense and the National Institute of Educational Studies and Research (INEP). The results showed that natural disasters in the Northeast region of Brazil were responsible for reductions in students’ proficiency, decrease in grade promotion, and increase in dropout rates. This study shows the negative effect of natural disasters on human capital and may serve as a tool to orient public policies to mitigate the problem, and better protect the society.
