The Language of Sectarianism

This research examines the transformation of anti-Shia sentiment in post-reformasi Indonesia as a form of sectarianism. Before the Reformasi era, anti-Shi’a sentiment primarily relied on theological expressions rooted in takfiri ideology. However, since 2012, anti-Shi’a sentiment has increasingly sh...

The International Journal of Interdisciplinary Civic and Political Studies

Common Ground Research Networks