ql-align-justify"> Ubiquitous Learning ecologies consist of mobile learning (m-learning), which provides access to knowledge anytime/anywhere via digital technologies embedded within everyday society. The focus of ubiquitous learning is seamless access to knowledge across different contexts. Transportation technology enables m-learning, to help overcome the boundaries of place and time, by using portable devices (i.e., smart phones, tablets, watches, etc.) to reach users. The flexibility afforded by m-learning, enables each user to have individualized access to learning material, regardless of where they are at that moment in time, as compared to traditional e-learning, which limits user access to a physical location where learning occurs (UNESCO, 2013).

Recent studies have also indicated that m-learning is closely connected with other technologies within the e-learning ecosystem (e.g., cloud computing, learning management systems (LMS), social media) – as a result, m-learning technology has improved user access to collaborative environments and offered teachers/researchers an opportunity for real-time feedback. For example, research indicates that m-learning applications (e.g., Duolingo) provide adaptive learning experiences, allowing users to practice their foreign language skills in short, frequent sessions, while at the same time, providing opportunities for users to be able to integrate foreign language practice into their daily routines (Godwin-Jones, 2011).

Mobile Learning is considered important because it supports the development of skills for lifelong and life-wide learners. The ability to use a mobile device to learn and develop skills through personal, professional, and social opportunities enables an individual to continue the process of learning throughout their lifetime. Studies have shown mobile learning facilitates learner inclusivity because it enables learners from rural or underserved areas that have limited access to traditional educational resources to access learning opportunities (UNESCO, 2013). Mobile Learning through the community of MOOC learners within the e- Learning ecologies shows that Learning can occur outside of formal institutions and within distributed networks, technologies and in the learner's everyday experiences. Based upon research citations, we know that mobile learning symbolizes a shift toward more learner-centered, accessible and dynamic types of education that are consistent with the concept of ubiquitous learning.

References

Godwin-Jones, R. (2011). Emerging technologies: Mobile apps for language learning. Language Learning and Technology.

Traxler, J. (2009). Learning in a mobile age. International Journal of Mobile and Blended Learning.

UNESCO. (2013). Policy guidelines for mobile learning. https://www.unesco.org/en/mobile-learning

Mobile Learning in Ubiquitous Learning Ecologies