Healthy Pathways
Asynchronous Session
Chilean's Native Lactic Acid Bacteria as a Potential Starter Culture: Potencial Native Biodiversity View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Carla Vargas
Grapes are an extraordinary source of native Lactic Acid Bacteria cultures (LABc) with potential oenological capabilities. Bacteria composition in Chile depends on various conditions that define “terroir”, providing a unique microbial footprint. This biodiversity opens an opportunity to find suitable native LABc not yet explored in the wine industry[1]. This work characterizes the biological diversity of Chilean LABc from grapes and to select cultures with malolactic fermentation potential. Biological diversity was evaluated through a spontaneous fermentation of S. Blanc and Chardonnay must. During the fermentation, aliquots were collected to determine kinetic fermentation and LABc presence. LABc were isolated, characterized, and purified by standard microbiological protocol[2]. The fermentative capacity was studied through an exclusionary experiment. First, the morphology stage included: gram stain[3] and catalase test[4]. Then, the carbohydrate fermentation protocol was executed, selecting homofermentative LABc[5]. At the same time, LABc were genetically identified[2]. The homofermentative LABc were grown with 10% ethanol and pH 3.5 to do a survival test[6]. The stressor tolerance test (pH, ethanol, and SO2) using the fittest LABc was done[6]. Finally, a designed culture media was used to determine the citric intake[7] and biogenic amine production[8]. Spontaneous fermentation presents different fermentation kinetics. Although there was a complete and incomplete fermentation for S. blanc and chardonnay, respectively, it was possible to collect a robust group of LABc. At the end of the experiment, 161 native LABc were selected to study fermentative capacity. From 161 LABc, the exclusionary experiment selected one LABc as the fittest bacteria.
Diabetes II Incidence as a Long COVID Consequence: A Systematic Review View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Camila Awad, Macarena Hirmas
High level of awareness has been risen and a large amount of information is known regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, not much relevance has been given to the metabolic consequences of the disease. Long COVID or Post Acute COVID-19 Syndrome, has been studied regarding the symptoms developed after the disease. One of these consequences is type 2 diabetes, which accounts for 2,8% of deaths globally. Non Communicable Diseases (NCD's) have been deeply studied, since they are the world's biggest killers, hence it is extremely important to gather all what is known about the incidence of type 2 diabetes as a consequence of COVID-19 worldwide and try to manage these cases, avoiding complications which may lead to higher proportions of DALY's between other consequences that are burdensome individually and socially, mainly in low GDP countries. The aim of this systematic review is to know how many incident type 2 diabetes cases have been diagnosed worldwide after a COVID-19 infection and in which countries a higher incidence has been shown, hence to raise awareness regarding the metabolic consequences that Long COVID 19 may carry and avoid the increase of Type 2 diabetes globally.
Featured Nutrient-sensitive Approach for Sustainability Assessment of Australian Macronutrient Dietary Recommendations View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Navoda Liyana Pathirana
This study examines and demonstrates the potential of integrating input-output analysis with nutritional geometry to assess the sustainability of Australian macronutrient dietary guidelines (AMDR) relating to macronutrients. We used daily dietary intake data of 5345 Australian adults from the most recent Australian Nutrient and Physical Activity Survey 2011-2012 and an input-output database for the Australian economy to quantify the environmental and economic impacts associated with dietary intake. Then, we examined the associations between environmental and economic impacts and dietary macronutrient composition using a multi-dimensional nutritional geometry representation. Thereafter, we assessed the sustainability of AMDR in terms of its alignment with key environmental and economic outcomes. We found that diets adhering to AMDR were associated with moderately high greenhouse gas emissions, water use, cost of dietary energy, and contribution to wages and salaries of Australians. But, only about 20.42% of respondents adhered to AMDR. Furthermore, high-plant protein diets adhering to the lower limit of recommended protein intake in AMDR were associated with low environmental impacts and high incomes. We conclude that encouraging consumers to adhere to the lower limit of the recommended intake of proteins and meeting the protein requirement through protein-dense plant sources could improve dietary environmental and economic sustainability in Australia. Our findings provide means of understanding the sustainability of dietary recommendations concerning macronutrients for any country in which input-output databases are available.
How Sustainable Are the Diets of Young Consumers?: Exploring the Eating Habits of Generation Z in Ireland and France View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Lana Repar, Solenn Breton, Joe Bogue
Consumers’ food choices are extremely complex and have a direct influence on their health and the environment. There has been a lot of focus on the role of specific foods in consumers’ diets, such as Ultra Processed Foods, and their links to non-communicable diseases. The study objective was to explore the consumption habits and sustainability of the diets of Generation Z consumers. An online survey was administered during 2020/2021 to Generation Z (Ireland n=284 and France n=200) using convenience sampling through student email systems and college societies. Data were analysed using SPSSv26 by comparing the two country cohort results with the Sustainable Food Pyramid. Respondents stated that food was important (IRL=43.6%; FR=43.1%) or extremely important to them (IRL=50.2%; FR=52.5%). Both Irish (44.2%) and French (36.8%) respondents highlighted personal health and the health of their family and friends as most important in their lives. Both sets of respondents did not follow a special diet (IRL=31.7%; FR=20.6%) or tried to eat as healthy as possible (IRL=37%; FR=51.5%). Only 7.4% of French respondents labelled their diet as sustainable while this was even lower in the Irish cohort (3%). Results for both cohorts were aggregated and translated into scores for healthiness and environmental impact, based on the Sustainable Food Pyramid. The cohorts scored higher on the environmental scale (90%) compared to the healthiness scale (86%). Through identifying the eating habits of Generation Z, it is possible to more effectively promote high quality sustainable foods, better aligned to dietary guidelines that support healthy sustainable behaviours.
