Political Ponderings (Asynchronous Session)
Featured The Land Acquisition Act of 1894 and Its Impact in the Making of New Delhi (1911-1931) View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Vanshika Kirar
New Delhi became the national capital of India during colonial rule in 1911 when the British government decided to shift its capital from Calcutta. One of the immediate requirements after the setting of the new capital city of New Delhi was to fulfill the requirement of land to establish New Imperial Buildings with the help of The Land Acquisition Act of 1894 and its impact on the native people of Delhi. The British government resettled Native People to the different part of the country. My study examines how difficult it was for British Government to compensate people, how they themselves changed the policies, and how Native people reacted to it. I also highlight the challenges that the goverment faced here in New Delhi. This paper explains the conflict in the making of policy between policy makers and Native people.
Modelling the Predictors of Generalised and Individualised Political Trust: Evidence from a Multiple Representative-sample Survey Study in a Low-trust Society View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Girts Dimdins
This study examined the correlates and predictors of generalised (trust in the political system) and individualised (trust in a specific political actor) political trust in three surveys with representative samples from Latvia (total n = 3007), a post-Communist society with low overall levels of political trust. Trust in political system was robustly related to generalised trust (trust in people), life satisfaction, internal and external political efficacy, and (negatively) to political cynicism. In addition, it was positively related to the basic worldview of humanism, and negatively related to normativism. Trust in political party or individual politician was robustly related to the perceived economic utility associated with the political actor, and the perceived economic and social political orientation of the actor. The importance of basic personal values did not robustly predict either generalised or individualised political trust. The findings show that trust in political system and trust in specific political actors are largely determined by a different set of variables and represent different kinds of psychological reasoning. Generalised political trust can be seen as part of a general attitude towards ones country, whereas individualised trust is based in more situational factors and shaped through the mechanisms of person perception and group perception.
Domestic Abuse as Torture?: Recent Jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Ronagh McQuigg
The European Court of Human Rights has made it clear that domestic abuse can violate the European Convention on Human Rights, however the way in which this issue has been conceptualised by the Court has evolved in terms of which articles of the Convention have been held to have been breached in such cases. The approach taken by the Court was initially somewhat incoherent regarding the use of article 3 (the right to be free from torture and inhuman or degrading treatment) and article 8 (the right to respect for private and family life). Nevertheless since the case of Valiuliene v. Lithuania (app. no. 22234/07, 26 March 2013) there has been a substantially greater use of article 3 in such cases. The Court’s judgments in Tunikova and Others v. Russia (app nos. 55974/16, 53118/17, 27484/18, 28011/19, 14 December 2021) and Volodina v Russia (app no. 41261/17, 9 July 2019) again raise issues regarding the conceptualisation of domestic abuse, as will be discussed in this paper. In both of these cases, the question arose of whether domestic abuse should be specifically conceptualised as falling within the ‘torture’ limb of article 3. Both Tunikova and Volodina serve to illustrate the way in which the Court’s jurisprudence on this issue has evolved, from a reliance primarily on article 8 to a situation whereby the use of article 3 is commonplace and the debate has become whether domestic abuse should be expressly conceptualised as torture.
Enablers and Barriers to Women’s Political Participation: The Case of Australia View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Zareh Ghazarian
In recent years, attempts to increase the representation of women in political parties, legislatures, and executives have been gaining momentum. Even throughout the disruption caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, movements, such as #MeToo and #LetHerSpeak, continued to amplify the experiences of women around the world. In Australia, allegations of sexual assault in the nation’s parliament in 2021 mobilised protests that sought to accelerate changes in addressing gender issues in the legislature. Within this context, this paper examines the enablers and barriers confronting women in participating in democratic events, such as voting, as well as joining political parties and running for public office in Australia. The paper explores the literature and presents the lived experience of young Australian women to shed light on the factors that may stop them from even considering becoming a parliamentary candidate. The paper uses data from the Social Futures and Life Pathways Project (also known as Our Lives) which is a longitudinal research project that began in 2006. Since this time, data has been gathered from a single age cohort of young people from the state of Queensland in Australia. The data from this project presents the perspectives of young women as to what may be done to address gender issues in liberal democracies in future.
Optimal Bankruptcy Regime: A Literature Review View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session N. V. V. Satyanarayana Puchakayala, Ramanujam Veluchamy
The present study is aimed at understanding the concept of Optimal Bankruptcy Regime and its determinants in terms of merits and demerits. Its purely qualitative nature follows the method of synthesis of previous studies. The data is collected systematically from the secondary sources like J-gate, Research gate, Google Scholar, and Research Reports of the World Bank. Based on the relevance and significance of the study, around 40-50 research articles published during the period of 1970–2021 are considered. Keywords like optimal bankruptcy regime, determinants of optimal bankruptcy regime, efficient and effective bankruptcy regime are used for the selection of articles. An attempt is made to use Claessens and Klapper model of Optimal Bankruptcy Regime with necessary modifications to address the research question: What is an Optimal Bankruptcy Regime? And what are the determinants of the Optimal Bankruptcy Regime? in arriving at the objectives of the study. Although the present study is based on the synthesis of a small number (40-50) of previous studies, the study discusses what is necessary in terms of effective mechanism and rescuing system for the economies to do well. It further helps the governments in framing the insolvency law in such a way that it delivers the outcome that benefits not only the companies but also the creditors.
