Abstract
The right to water, as a constitutionally protected value and as an essential common good to be guaranteed to every individual, is one of the fundamental problems of the twenty-first century. According to the 2015 edition of the World Water Development of the United Nations, is expected by 2030 a 40% drop in water availability, unless the management and use of this fundamental resource is improved. Water is a fundamental right, and, at the same time, a common good that belongs equally to everyone. Every person has the right to use it for what is necessary to satisfy their needs. In this context, on the basis of the empirical analysis of the exploitation of the resource have emerged the market failures, consisting in a lack of private law in guaranteeing an effective protection of the environment and the defects of a public regulation based on planning. This regulatory framework was not able to favor the introduction of new products or the use of more efficient and rational production techniques, penalizing investments in innovation in the water sector. This research project evaluates how the creation of artificial markets, similarly to what happened in the electricity sector, powered by a request induced by the need to comply with legal obligations on companies and citizens, can generate a mechanism able to grant the efficiency and rationalization of private exploitation of the water resources both industrial and domestic.
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