Fourteenth International Conference on the Arts in Society

Abstract

There are unprecedented numbers of refugees. High levels of mental distress identified in this population often remain unmet through psychological and community services. Factors such as language, culture and trauma could influence efficacy and acceptability. The non-verbal and symbolic potential for expression within art-making may provide a unique form of intervention. Non-clinical approaches may also be advantageous. A mixed-methods systematic review was undertaken to ascertain the effectiveness of art-based interventions with refugees. The review is inclusive of art therapy and other visual art-for-health initiatives such as participatory art. No exclusions were made on the basis of age, country of origin or settlement context. The included articles were analysed to identify context- mechanism-outcome relationships and produce a realist synthesis. Initiatives using a range of mediums were identified including painting, drawing, sculpture, weaving and photography. Study designs and interventions were heterogeneous, reflecting a range of formats, modalities and methodologies. Findings suggest that involvement in art-based interventions correlates with reductions in symptoms such as anxiety, and improvements in well-being measures such as self-esteem. Important aspects of the process include memory, mourning, identity, hope, occupation, creative self-expression, a sense of connection and the (re)construction of meaning. Art-based approaches offer a useful and acceptable range of interventions to help improve the well-being of refugees. Consideration of the variety of contextual factors may help to optimize the creative and relational elements central to these interventions, and to further develop approaches seeking to improve personal well-being and effect social change.