From 2009 to 2011, there has been an increase in incidence of respiratory illnesses found to be associated with human enterovirus 68 in the Philippines, Japan, Netherlands, and the United States, specifically in Georgia, Pennsylvania, and Arizona. From 2009 to 2011, there has been an increase in incidence of respiratory illnesses found to be associated with human enterovirus 68 in the Philippines, Japan, Netherlands, and the United States, specifically in Georgia, Pennsylvania, and Arizona. The first case was seen in 1962 in California, but has been reported rarely since then. As a result, all the symptoms that HEV68 could potentially cause were unknown. It is known to share epidemiologic features with human rhinovirus (HRV). The gold standard for detecting HEV68 is sequencing structural protein genes, VP4-VP2 or VP1. Other laboratory tests may lead to false diagnosis as HRV (rhinovirus). All the cases recently seen in regions of Asia, Europe, and the United States have all been in children and have led to viral respiratory illnesses, with major symptoms including coughing, wheezing, difficulty breathing, and asthma exacerbation. Infections are known to be aggressive and should be reported rapidly after onset, as two of the cases proved to be fatal. Reporting of this disease is therefore imperative to detect, monitor, and address clusters and spread of the virus.

http://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/1731853?resultClick=1