Contemporary Challenges
Accounting Methods for Pollutant Generation Coefficients of Pinpoint Pollution Sources in the Textile Industry: Second National Census of Pollution Sources in China
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Fang Li, Chensi Shen
China's State Council released a plan on September 20 in 2017 for the country's second national census on pollution sources, with the results to be published in 2019. According to the overall requirements for the scheme of the Second China Pollution Source Census, information regarding the development situation of the textile and apparel industries and the status of pollutants production and discharge has been provided. The main objective of this project was to establish the accounting methods for pollutant emissions in the textile and apparel industries, which could be achieved by identifying the key nodes of the production and discharge processes, determining the influencing factors and the number of survey combinations, and measuring the average treatment efficiencies and actual operating rates of the pollution control facilities. This was a large-scale survey involving historical information of 355 enterprises from the Chinese Sewage Permit System and practical investigation of 156 enterprises from of Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Fujian, and Guangdong Province. We complied a manual of production and discharge coefficients from textile and apparel industries, which included 307 pollution-producing coefficients, 195 end-removal efficiency coefficients and non-universal source accounting methods. This project laid the foundation for the Second China Pollution Source Census for the textile industry and provided valuable guidelines in industrial control and sustainable development across China. The census marks the fundamental work of the country's environmental protection and economic and social sustainability. This work has important reference value and meaning for the development of the textile industry in the global south.
Policy for Architectural Integration of Photovoltaic Panels in Buildings within the Context of Sustainability in Northern Cyprus
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Ercan Hoskara, John Emmanuel Ogbeba
The world is today trying to move away from the use of fossil fuel for the generation of electricity to a cleaner means of energy. This is because of the damage that the use of non-renewables causes to the environment. Buildings have been identified as a main contributor to greenhouse gases (GHG). Electricity accounts for approximately 78% of total building energy consumption and significantly contributes to GHG emissions. With all of these happenings, it has become evident that we need to seek more renewable means of energy generation for buildings. Northern Cyprus uses too much fuel oil to produce its electricity (1.6 billion Kwh/ year). Here in Northern Cyprus, there is a growing concern over the environmental effects of the excessive use of fossil fuel for electricity generation. Renewable Energy (RE) seems to be the most appropriate means to fill up this gap both environmentally and economically. Out of the several RE sources, photovoltaics (PV) has been identified as the most convenient means of generating renewable energy especially when they are integrated into buildings. This situation creates an increasing trend to use of PV in buildings. However, because of insufficient existing regulations and policies, PV integration is creating visual pollution and poor energy efficiency. This research critically evaluates local policy, regulations, and practices for the successful architectural integration of PV in buildings in Northern Cyprus within the context of sustainability. The aim is to define the unsustainable trends and to propose recommendations to solve the related problems.
