Quality and Quantity
Level of Education as a Risk Factor of All-caused Mortality in Men and Women in Older Age: Mortality Patterns
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Beata Tobiasz Adamczyk
The aim of the study focuses on showing differences between older women and men in relation to level of education. Several sociomedical population studies performed over last three decades (study conducted among 2065 Krakow citizens -1986/87, Courage -2011, Courage-Polfus- 2015/16, Neglect- 2016) gives opportunity to observed the changes in mortality patterns in relation to increasing level of education in women.
Socio-economic Deprivation of Families Related to Effect of Presence of Dependent Older People in Europe: Quantitative Aspects of a Project
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Georgia Casanova, Roberto Lillini
Starting from a previous similar Italian study, the aim of this work is to identify at the European level the main determinants of protection and risk of increasing poverty in families where disabled old people are present. The study takes part in the SEreDIPE project funded by Horizon 2020 MSCA-IF-2019 (g.a.n.888102). 104 variables by nation (Austria, Finland, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Spain) and three European macro-areas (North-Western and Central Europe, Southern Europe, Eastern Europe) were collected from four international databases: Eurostat, Health for All Europe, WHO, WDWB, from 1990 to the most available recent year. The Poverty Index was the dependent variable and all the other variables were the covariates. After a first selection of the covariates, Multivariable Linear Regression Models, with various checks to exclude collinearity bias and clustering effects across the European macro-areas, were applied to define the covariates influencing the Poverty Index (p<0.05) at the European level and by macro-areas. The results show two lists of variables influencing and not influencing at the European level the dependent variable. In particular, the percent of s 1-2 members families, and other variables related to public formal expenditure and services, reducing the Poverty Index. Socio-demographic variables, if in a severe deprivation condition, run to increase the Poverty index, including the high literacy rate. Additionally, for each macro area are identified what variables are statistically significant. The study underlines how the public offer a pillar for contrasting the poverty risk.
Impact of Day Care Services on the Normalization of Life of the Elderly: An Empirical Study in Taiwan View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Yuan Shie Hwang
This study analyzes the changes of service users' perception of normalization of life after receiving day care services, and accordingly to propose suggestions helpful for promoting the life of the elderly. This study was carried out with a quantitative method. The Normalization of Life Scale (24 items) consists of four dimensions: life well-being (6 items), psychological well-being (5 items), social well-being (5 items), and spiritual well-being (8 items). The study randomly selected service users from four counties and cities in Taiwan as samples, and conducted data collection through face-to-face questionnaire interviews. A total of 180 valid questionnaires were collected. The main findings include: (1) gender, education level, ethnic background, marital status and physical health are all significant variables that affect the normalization of life; (2) the overall normalization of life and spiritual well-being are improved after service use , but the life, psychological and social well-being are decreased slightly; (3) After using the service, the frequency of interaction with family members is significantly increased, and the relationship of interaction is also significantly improved. The main recommendations of this study are as follows: (1) To realize the concept of active aging by promoting the function of day care service; (2) To increase the acceptance of service users by creating a homelike atmosphere in day care center. (3) To meet the needs of multi-cultural care by considering the particularities of minority group; (4) To improve accessibility of services by increasing the coverage of day care in rural areas.
