Institutional Considerations (Asynchronous Session)
Predictors of Involuntary Retirement Internationally: A Systematic Literature Review View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Mary Beth MacLean
Involuntary retirement, common in many countries, leads to poor outcomes for individuals themselves, organizations, and society. However, little is known about the factors explaining involuntary retirement. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to inform policy, practice, and research by examining factors explaining perceived involuntary retirement among older workers in high-income countries. The literature was systematically reviewed resulting in the identification of 514 records and nine studies eligible for analysis. One of these studies was assessed as high quality, six as moderate quality, and two as low quality. Disability and poor health status were found to be associated with perceived involuntary retirement in all but one of the nine studies. Younger age at retirement and job loss were found to be significant in five and four studies respectively. Other less common factors were caregiving responsibilities, lower education, and poorer finances. Many other factors were found significant in only one or two studies. Limitations of moderate to low-quality studies were the use of cross-sectional rather than longitudinal data (five studies), lack of sex-disaggregated analysis (six studies), non-nationally representative data (three studies), a limited range of factors considered in analyses (three studies examined factors in fewer than five main domains). These findings have implications for policy, practice, and research to inform involuntary retirement screening, outreach, and prevention efforts. However, caution should be used given that few studies matched the inclusion criteria and only one study was assessed as high quality, which suggests a lack of studies.
Deinstutionalization of Support for Persons with Disabilities in Poland: A Real or Apparent Chance to Build a Coherent System of Community-based Services for People with Disabilities? View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Izabela Grabowska
Deinstitutionalization, understood as a process of transition from organizing support based on institutional solutions to organizing support in a community way, with the use of the resources of local communities. Research over many years has provided evidence that alternative community-based solutions have positive outcomes in terms of effectiveness than support provided by an institution-like setting. However, the extent of available research and data on the feasibility of deinstitutionalization in individual countries, including Poland, is very limited. The analysis in the paper starts with answering the question how the population of people with disabilities, who need support in daily activities across age groups is evolving in order to grasp the potential scale of support needed (based on EFIS and SHARE data). Then the paper deals with community-based social services as the main public policy tool for deinstitutionalization and supporting independent living in terms of their accessibility and quality. In the third part the paper reviews support practices based on deinstitutionalized solutions targeted at people with disabilities in Poland, consisting of several interrelated elements: housing support, socialized institutional support, family support, active rehabilitation, integrated social services. Practices based on deinstitutionalized community-based solutions, taking mainly the form of social services, can be identified in Poland. They testify to the potential of deinstitutionalized support in Poland and the existence of verified ways of implementing such solutions. However, there is a lack of a coherent system, the implemented measures are point-wise in nature and do not create a coherent system with permanent financing.
Informal Home Care Recipients versus Private and Public Facilities Residents: Predictors of Long-term Care Utilization in Poland View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Małgorzata Wrotek, Malgorzata Kalbarczyk-Steclik
The population aging, together with the shrinking caring potential of families, is a major challenge for social policy in the coming years. This study identifies the factors that determine not only the use of long-term care (LTC) but also the selection of individual types of such care in Poland. Using unique data collected from inpatient LTC facilities in Poland and the Survey on Health, Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) database, we estimate logistic regressions. Our results suggest that social inequalities play a role in choosing the type of LTC. Better educated people choose private institutions, while people without social networks use more often social residential homes. The impact of multimorbidity on choosing different types of inpatient facilities is limited, thus the number of ADL limitations remains a better indicator of long term care utilization. The differences in LTC selection determinants between women and men are noticeable.
Enhancing the Roles of Social and Healthcare Professionals in Early Intervention of Elder Abuse in the Community: Knowledge, Attitudes and Confidence to Respond View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Jonathan Tan, Dzulfikaar Sutandar
Elder abuse is becoming more prevalent as countries (particularly in Asia) experience rapidly ageing populations. Consequently, this issue has detrimental effects on older adults’ quality of life. Due to under-reporting and low help-seeking, most cases that reach the attention of authorities are considered critical and pose challenges for interventions. Opportunities exist for early detection of elder abuse by social and healthcare professionals working in the community who have unique access to older adults. However, studies of health professionals have generally found evidence of poor levels of awareness, perception of abuse, and mediocre knowledge of reporting procedures. Little is known about elder abuse and service professionals’ responses in Asia’s community settings. In Asian populations, such as Singapore, with strong traditions of family responsibility, older adults are likely reluctant to seek abuse interventions. We argue that current knowledge and attitudes of health and social care professionals are vital factors influencing their ability to detect and respond to suspected elder abuse cases in the community. We evaluate aforementioned professions’ level of elder abuse knowledge, attitudes, and confidence to respond to elder abuse cases in Singapore’s community. An online survey was disseminated in February 2022 amongst professional groups with 291 respondents from 14 professions. Findings suggest that professionals’ knowledge and confidence levels are still significantly lower than desired levels, indicating a need for more structured training programs to identify abuse and provide timely intervention for both professions.
Change of the Labour Market Exit Age of Older Poles View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Anna Ruzik Sierdzinska
The need to increase economic participation of older people in Poland was an important public policy issue since the end of 20th century. One of the reasons for the 1999 pension system reform was to make people retire at higher ages. In recent years, policies to encourage longer stay in the labour market, focus more on active labour market policies or tax incentives. The paper presents the dynamic estimates of the age of withdrawal from the labour force in Poland and compares it with changes in activity rates calculated using cross-sectional data. Individual Labour Force Survey data has been used to estimate withdrawal rates for five-year age groups (from 50-54 to 65-70) in 21st century. The results of the dynamic estimates compared with the one based on the cross-sectional data provide information on the outcomes of policy aimed at the extension of the working lives.
