Eighteenth International Conference on New Directions in the Humanities

Abstract

This paper concentrates on the social relationship between Muslims and Non-Muslims and the religious tolerance which had used by the Abbasid caliphs who came to rule in 749 A.D. During their rule, the society consisted of Muslims, Christians, Jews, Sabians, and Majians. It was said that the Abbasid Caliphs made covenants as the prophet Muhammad did with Christians of Najran and the Jews of Medina in Arabia. Those kind of covenants promised security and protection to their religious places and their life. Therefore, their churches, synagogues, and temples increased in number. Moreover, the Caliph Mamun for an instance organized a consultative committee in Baghdad which consisted of all religious sects to solve their problems or to listen to their requests. The Muslims shared with the Non-Muslims their celebrations and festivals, and also partook of their food and drink as the historian Shabushti mentions in his book (Diyarat) the monasteries.