Approaches and Angles (Asynchronous Session)
Projected Impacts of Climate on Temperature-Humidity Index Under Representative Concentration Pathway Scenarios
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Nozar Ghahreman, Sajad Asgari, Iman Babaeian
The temperature humidity index (THI) is one of the measures to describe heat stress, especially when animals’ production (meat and milk) is considered. It is expected that THI values will vary due to changes in temperature and humidity in the coming decades. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of climate change on THI and milk production under Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) climatic scenarios proposed in the fifth assessment report (AR5) of IPCC in the western region of Iran. The climatic projections required for calculation of THI values during the future period were obtained from EC-EARTH model outputs, downscaled and calibrated for the study region. The suitable equation for calculation of THI was based on the climatic condition of selected study stations. The index values for baseline and future period were calculated and the trend of variation was worked out. Besides, the number of days with different level of heat stress in annual and monthly basis under RCP4.5 and RCP 8.5 scenarios during four periods of 1981-2010, 2011-2040, 2041-2070 and 2071 to 2100 were calculated and compared with corresponding values of the baseline period. The results reveal that the index would be less affected by climate change during the months of April and May. The trend of milk production affected by climate change, during the future period is decreasing and significant at 99% level of confidence. Such that, by 2100, under RCP 4.5 and 8.5 scenarios, milk production would decrease 1 and 2 kg per year, respectively.
Governance of Climate Change Mitigation and De-Carbonization - the New Transatlantic System: Government and Industry Policy and Standards Cooperation for Renewable and Sustainable Strategic Agriculture and Automotive Sectors View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Reba Anne Carruth
In the 21st century, the UN Paris Climate Agreement requires immediate de-carbonization and greenhouse gas emission reductions in strategic national and global agriculture (food) and automotive (transportation) industry sectors. The achievement of the UN Climate Agreement goals for sustainable low-carbon societies and economies requires national government policy and industry cooperation to accelerate and govern the transition of strategic agriculture and automotive manufacturing sectors. The goal of this global climate policy research paper is to examine the central role of transatlantic government policy and strategic industry cooperation in the de-carbonization, renewable transition and sustainability of national agriculture and automotive manufacturing industry sectors. The conference paper uses a comparative policy case study methodology for the following national government and industry cooperation case studies in the transatlantic region; The United States, United Kingdom and Germany/European Union. The national case studies are examined in following government climate and industrial policy contexts; American Recovery/ Climate Plans, the UK Climate/Green Recovery Plan and German-EU Climate /European Green Deal Plan. Contributions; The paper contributes to the following academic and applied policy practice fields; global multi-level governance of climate change, transatlantic government and business cooperation in science based international organizations/UN global scientific/technical standard bodies, Results and Conclusions: The comparative transatlantic policy case studies reveal the need for strong normative agreement, moral leadership and inter-disciplinary climate science cooperation. Transatlantic government and industry climate policy cooperation must specifically target strategic agriculture and automotive manufacturing industry sectors to achieve core goals of the UN Paris agreement.
Design of a Poly Generation System for an Area of the Colombian Caribbean Region View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Nicolás Rovira, Héctor Fabio Montaño Morales
In this work, the design methodology of the system is shown, counting on sources of energy from wind, solar and, energy from biomass combustion. In addition, a seawater desalination system was integrated by the reverse osmosis method to make it drinkable. This study was based on a theoretical method consulting data and both quantitative and qualitative sources, thus making it a non-experimental type of work, since it is a proposal of a design for possible implementation. It began with the preselection of the most suitable area where climatic, geographical, demographic, social aspects and, the potential of the renewable energies already mentioned were considered. The city of Santa Marta, Magdalena, was selected as it offered the best design features. In each selected source, the possible products that the corresponding equipment could offer (in this case electricity and drinking water) were calculated, where it was concluded that biomass energy is the most economical in terms of cost / kW considering only the cost of equipment when generating 9.89 MW with a cost of 297 USD / kW. Finally, it was obtained that the total electrical energy generated by the system is 16.67 MW and desalinated water is 1,793 m3 / h, which can be translated into providing electricity to 3,023 homes and drinking water to 12,824 homes, respectively. In addition, an estimated cost of the equipment of the system was carried out, where it was obtained that the initial investment would be approximately $21 million without considering the land and other infrastructure.
Featured Killing Mother Nature: The Bioethical Roots of Ecocide View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Blake Hite
Ecocide has been proposed as a fifth crime under the International Criminal Court. This paper explores the most recently proposed definition with a principled bioethical lens and argues for the legal professions immediate and unanimous support. First, I explain why the legal community has a duty to address ecologically destructive acts in the international forum. I frame this duty within the context of bioethics and contrast the relative silence of the legal profession with unanimity of medical and religious professionals. Second, I use a case-based approach to respond to certain critiques of ecocide. In doing so, the term maleficient difference will be introduced as a framework to measure the damage caused by actors and assess the reasonableness of guilt. While academic literature has been generated on the need for bioethical insights on climate change, to date I have not been able to locate any literature on bioethics within the context of ecocide specifically.
Attitudes and Behaviors Towards Climate Change in Europe: A Cross-Regional Analysis View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Mustafa Ammar Kılıç
Many quantitative studies on climate change remain attitude/concern oriented, disregarding the impact of concrete actions. Given there are often gaps between attitudes and behaviours in such a critical issue as climate change, closing the gap between the two requires more consistent and realistic actions against it. Exploring the level of gap helps both to call for public attention and provide guiding results for the government policies. In this article, comparing four different European countries, Germany, Italy, Sweden, and Poland, I examine both attitude and behavior of climate change, based on the data provided by the European Social Survey, Round 8 (2016). The main questions of this study are: 1) How is the correlation between attitudes and behaviors of climate change? 2) Do the demographic, class, cultural and political indicators relate to these? 3) How do these indicators affect attitudes and behaviors? 4) What factors can explain the possible differences between countries/regions?
Bibliometric Analysis of the Climate-work Econometric Literature : What Are the Topics Most Dealt With in the Literature? View Digital Media
Paper Presentation in a Themed Session Grazia Errichiello
The main focus of this research is to understand which aspects are most taken into consideration in the climate-work econometric literature and which aspects are neglected. A bibliometric analysis was carried out with the VOSviewer software. First of all, a Scopus string was identified, it is suitable for enclosing all the results that deal with the topic. Second we did a review of the literature, subsequently the necessary information was uploaded to the software. In order to see which are the most cited articles and the relevant topics, an analysis of citations and terms was carried out. The results of the analysis show that the most cited article in the literature is that of Dell M. et al. (2014). By terms analysis four clusters was identified, they represent four main topics in climate-work econometric literature: adaptation, migration, economic effects and the effects of weather changes. The two main terms between the words in the clusters are Climate change and income. They represent the principal themes of the research and they are very connected with all clusters. Instead, the term labor market is repeated less times and has fewer connections with other words. The results were also confirmed by the robustness check. Based on these results, the topics most and least dealt with in the climate-work econometric literature have been identified.
