This module was designed for 5th grade students with an interest in:

• Making food
• World cultures
• Videomaking

Learning Objectives:

By the end of the module, you should be able to:

• Identify and describe the origin of a food item
• Calculate changes to a recipe
• Determine possible solutions to problems
• Research and describe the origin and use of a recipe ingredient
• Design a menu
• Evaluate menus made by yourself and others
• Demonstrate the making of a recipe

Skills/Experience Required:

• Basic knife skills for cutting ingredients such as bread and fruit
• Experience navigating a website
• Experience recording audio/video with a computer, tablet, or phone

Materials:

• Computer, tablet, or phone with internet access
• A device with audio/video recording capabilities
• Access to Google Sheets or similar program for designing a menu
• Recipe ingredients (please choose one recipe): Fruit Sando (white bread, lightly sweetened whipped cream, strawberries), Cucumber Sandwich (white bread, cream cheese, cucumber), Jambon-Beurre (baguette, European-style butter, smoked ham)
• Cooking utensil(s): knife
• Plastic wrap

Optional Materials:

• Measuring spoons or cup
• Vegetable peeler
• Tripod with phone grip
• Lights
• Paper and drawing utensil(s)

You've probably made and eaten a lot of sandwiches, but before we get started, I'd like to get an idea of what you know about them. Please complete this short, six question survey, so I can get to know you better. Thanks!

Take the pre-course, sandwich survey >

Welcome to the Lunch & Learn module. I’m so glad you’re here! There’s a cultural festival soon and we need as many people as possible to help make food. Have you made a sandwich before? If you have, great! You’re hired! If you haven’t, that’s okay because we have a few easy recipes to choose from. Since it’s a cultural festival, we’ll need food from around the world. I’m pretty good at making and eating PB&J sandwiches, but I have no idea what the rest of the world eats.

We have six sessions before the festival. If we all learn together by watching videos, doing research, and helping one another, then in the end, I bet you could open your own sandwich shop or even have a cooking show! I will also bet that even though you eat sandwiches, you probably don’t know who invented them. Take a guess and then watch this video about the history of the sandwich, to see who wins the bet.

History of Stuff. (2016, October 27). History of the sandwich [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TrXmtJ2A6D8

Interesting. There is a saying that necessity is the mother of invention. John Montagu needed a way to eat while he gambled and ended up inventing the sandwich. We have a need to make sandwiches for the cultural festival, so let’s choose a recipe and get started. Remember that you will actually make this sandwich, so choose something tasty.

CHOOSE ONE SANDWICH RECIPE

OPTION 1: Fruit Sando

Adapted from Japanese fruit sandwich: Strawberry Sando recipe (iamafoodblog.com, 2019)

Yield: 2 full sandwiches (cut into 8 wedges)

Total Time: 10 minutes

Ingredients

• 4 slices white bread (preferably milk bread)
• 1.5 cups lightly sweetened, whipped cream
• 12-18 strawberries (washed, dried, and trimmed)

Instructions ​

1. Add a layer of whipped cream to one slice of bread.
2. Top the slice with the strawberries, being sure to align.
3. Top with more whipped cream, filling in any holes between the strawberries.
4. Place the second slice of bread over the strawberries.
5. Wrap the sandwich in plastic wrap and refrigerate for one hour.
6. Unwrap the sandwich and use a sharp knife to trim off the outer crust.
7. Cut the sandwich diagonally into four triangles.

The following video is a demonstration of someone making the sandwich. The ingredients and instructions in the video may be different than the ones listed above.

Cheer Seeds Cooking. (2019, August 20). Fruit sando (Japanese fruit sandwich – easy, vegan, no bake dessert) [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/3rZy0mnmRwg

OPTION 2: Cucumber Sandwich

Adapted from Easiest cucumber sandwiches recipe (christinacucina.com, 2021)

Yield: 2 full sandwiches (cut into 8 wedges)

Total Time: 10 minutes

Ingredients

• 4 slices thin-sliced, white bread
• 2 ounces cream cheese, at room temperature
• ½ small cucumber, thinly sliced

Instructions

1. Peel the cucumber and slice it thinly.
2. Spread soft, room temperature cream cheese on two slices of bread.
3. Arrange the cucumber slices, overlapping slightly, on one slice of break and top with the other.
4. Slice off the edges of the bread and cut into triangles.

The following video is a demonstration of someone making the sandwich. The ingredients and instructions in the video may be different than the ones listed above.

Chewable Structures. (2018, August 24). Cucumber Sandwiches in 15 minutes [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2evRABcu7ZA

OPTION 3: Jambon-Beurre (French Ham Sandwich)

Adapted from French Ham Sandwich recipe (oliviascuisine.com, 2016)

Yield: 2 sandwiches (cut into 4 halves)

Total Time: 5 minutes

Ingredients

• 1 French baguette, sliced lengthwise
• 4 tablespoons European-style butter, at room temperature
• 6 ounces (about 12 slices) smoked ham

Instructions

1. Spread the butter on cut sides of the baguette.
2. Top with ham. Top with the other slice of baguette.
3. Cut the sandwich into two equal parts.
4. Serve or refrigerate (wrapped in plastic) for up to one day.

The following video is a demonstration of someone making the sandwich. The ingredients and instructions in the video may be different than the ones listed above.

French Cooking Academy. (2017, September 13). The 3 classic French Parisian baguette sandwiches [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/ZUCuUKZN7M0

I’m excited to find out which option you chose. Should we start making our sandwiches? Yes? OK, can I borrow some bread? I’m not sure how much bread I will need, so as I run out, I will probably keep asking you for more. I hope you don’t mind. Oh, you do mind! Well then before we get started making sandwiches, maybe we should make a plan. Below are some steps that I think will help us, but the order got mixed up:

1. Buy the ingredients
2. Make the sandwiches
3. Find out the total number of attendees
4. Read the recipe
5. Calculate the amount of ingredients needed

► What order do you think we should do these steps in? If you have an answer, add it to the comments for this update. If you think of other steps that we should add to our plan, add those to your comment too along with a short explanation of why you think that step is important.

I think we have a good plan now! One of our steps was to find out the total number of attendees. Over 1000 people attended the last cultural festival, so we can use that number. Do you think we have enough time to make 1000 sandwiches each? Let’s do some quick math.

Question 1 of 2: If we have five sessions left before the festival, how many sandwiches would each person need to make per session?

First, let’s gather our facts:

• We have 5 sessions left before the festival
• Each person should make 1000 sandwiches total

Now let’s calculate using our facts:

• 1000 sandwiches divided by 5 sessions = 200 sandwiches

Answer: In each session, each person needs to make 200 sandwiches.

Question 2 of 2: If one sandwich takes 10 minutes to make, how long would it take each person to make 200 sandwiches?

Facts first:

• 1 sandwich takes 10 minutes (a ratio of 1:10)
• Each person should make 200 sandwiches (a ratio of 200:m) *In math, we use a letter, known as a variable, to represent things we don’t know. So I used "m" for minutes.

Then our calculation:

• If one sandwich takes ten minutes (a ratio of 1:10), then multiply each number in that ratio by the total number of sandwiches we need (200). 1 sandwich times 200 = 200 sandwiches and 10 minutes times 200 = 2000 minutes.

Answer: Each person will need 2000 minutes to make a total of 200 sandwiches.

That sounds like a really long time and a whole lot of sandwiches! We should make sure we have enough ingredients. Each recipe shows you how many ingredients you need to make two sandwiches, so you will need to do some math to figure out how many ingredients we would need for 1000. If you’re not sure how to do the calculations, this video about proportions migh help.

PBS Math Club. (2014, July 10). Proportions | Baking beet cookies? | PBSMathClub [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WJipgy0vUWE

Thanks to you, our plan is so much better now! My hands got tired just thinking about making 1000 sandwiches.

All your ideas made me wonder if instead of us making so many sandwiches, what if we demonstrate how anyone can make their own? There’s a saying that if you give a man a fish, you feed him for a day; teach a man to fish, and you feed him for a lifetime. We can just swap fishing with making sandwiches.

I wish you could have been at the last cultural festival. So many different aspects of culture were on display. There was a lot of art, music, and dancing. Some people dressed in outfits from different countries. I even learned how to say “hello” in Greek Γεια σου (pronounced yah-SOO)! Everyone enjoyed the food and most people seemed interested in knowing where it came from, what it was made of, and if they could have the recipe.

jpapa. (n.d.). Γεια σου [Audio]. Retrieved on May 8, 2021 from https://forvo.com/word/%CE%B3%CE%B5%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%85/

In our first session, you researched the origins of your sandwich recipe, which is great because people at the cultural festival will ask where the food is from. What about the ingredients though? All our sandwich recipes use bread, but have you ever thought about the different types of bread and where they come from? The bread in our French recipe looks very different than the other two recipes. Let’s watch this video about the 10,000-year history of different types of bread and see if you can find the type of bread you’re using in your recipe.

Epicurious. (2019, September 3). Kids try 10,000 years of bread | Epicurious [Video]. YouTube. Kids Try 10,000 Years of Bread | Epicurious

All of the kids liked the 5,000-year-old sourdough bread from Ancient Egypt. If we had a recipe that called for sourdough bread, here are some of the cultural facts we could share about it:

Sourdough Bread

Country of origin: Ancient Egypt

Facts about Egypt:

• Capital: Cairo
• Population: 100 million
• Language: Arabic
• How to say hello: مرحبا (pronounced “marhabaan”)

An example of art from Egypt:

(n.d.). Untitled [Heiroglyphics]. Retrieved on May 8, 2021 from https://www.sachamber.org/blog/2019/10/majesty-egyptian-art-artifacts/

► What’s your favorite food? Do you know where it comes from? No, not the kitchen! Leave a comment on this update letting everyone know your favorite food, where it originates from, and how to say “hello” in that country’s language.

I really like all the research you’ve done! Now we need a way to display it at the cultural festival. Something that people could hold with one hand and walk around with, just like a sandwich. What if you designed a flyer to show off everything you've learned about your sandwich? You can be as creative as you want, but even some of the most creative people like to have a plan for what they’re going to make, before they get started. That plan is called a creative brief, and it contains important details about your project, to help inspire the creative process. Usually, a creative brief is a document, but here’s an example of a video version:

gruskingroup. (2015, April 16). Gruskin Group let's charrette 2015 creative brief [Video]. YouTube. https://youtu.be/OOx8GL5N85Q

Are you hungry to start? Great! Here is your creative brief for the flyer.

CREATIVE BRIEF: Cultural Festival Flyer

Background: The annual cultural festival is a one-day event, organized by volunteers, to celebrate the world's diversity. It typically draws over 1000 attendees who enjoy food, fun, music, and performances that are native to different countries around the world.

Goal: Make sure that anyone who sees your flyer becomes hungry for your sandwich.

Requirements: Create a single flyer that can be held with one hand. The flyer must contain the following elements:

1. A list of the three sandwich options with their ingredients
2. Clear indication of what country each sandwich is from
3. One sandwich must feature a detailed description (five sentences or longer), where each sentence educates the reader about the cultural origin of the sandwich and/or its ingredients
4. At least three images/drawings/photographs

Timeline: Due before the start of Session 5

I thought it might also help if you also saw some different recipe illustrations and menus. Your flyer doesn’t have to look like these examples. I just wanted to give you some inspiration. ► If you find something that inspires you, add a link to it in the comments for this update. What inspires you might help inspire someone else too.

Barry, M. (n.d.) Super sophomore sandwich [Illustration]. Retrieved on May 8, 2021 from https://www.theydrawandcook.com/illustrations/7554-super-sophomore-sandwich

Dotzeromultimedia.com. (2019, October 9). Food menu [Image]. Retrieved on May 6, 2021 from https://dotzeromultimedia.com/restaurant-menu-the-psychology-that-feeds-your-choices/

dreamstime.com. (n.d.). Pizza restaurant menu. Vector food flyer for bar and café on chalkboard background. Design template with vintage hand-drawn illus [Image]. Retrieved on May 6, 2021 from https://www.dreamstime.com/pizza-restaurant-menu-vector-food-flyer-bar-cafe-cha-chalkboard-background-design-template-vintage-hand-drawn-image120469630

Not sure where to start? Here’s a video that shows one way to create a flyer using Google Slides. You don’t have to use Google Slides though. If you want to draw it by hand or use some other technique, feel free! I want you to be as creative as possible. Just make sure that whatever you do, it meets the requirements in the creative brief.

Pomeroy, J. (2017, December 19). How to create a flyer from scratch in Google Slides [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cYMOjzRu890

Activity 1: Submit Your Peer Review Feedback

Before moving into the Session 5 lesson, spend the first half of this session reviewing your classmate's cultural festival flyer. Give them positive and helpful feedback based on the prompts in the grading rubric. Click to view the detailed peer review rubric

Thanks to your hard work, everyone at the cultural festival is in for a treat! Your flyer will help them not only know which sandwich options are available, but they’ll also learn a lot about the cultures that created them.

At the beginning of this learning module, did you think you would learn as much as you have about food and culture? You’ve read every update, watched videos, done research and writings, commented and reviewed other people’s work, and even designed a menu. Did one of those activities help you learn more than others? When people learn in different ways like seeing (visual), listening (auditory), reading and writing, or by doing activities (kinaesthetic), it’s called multimodal learning. Once you know which mode works best for you, you can start finding lessons that match your learning style.

digitalhumans.com. (2020, January 15). The four types of learning styles [Image]. Retrieved on May 9, 2021 from https://digitalhumans.com/blog/the-four-types-of-learning-how-digital-humans-cater-to-all-customers/

Your flyer is a great way for the cultural festival attendees to learn visually and by reading. Now we should help them, and maybe yourself too, also learn by listening and doing. For your last activity, I would like for you to create a cooking video. Here is your creative brief for the video.

CREATIVE BRIEF: Cooking Demonstration Video

Background: At the annual cultural festival, people often eat food and then ask for the recipe so they can make it at home. We’ve given out written recipes before, but not everyone felt comfortable reading them because it didn’t show what the food looked like at each step. Some of the feedback we’ve received is that they would like to see a demonstration that they can follow along with.

Goal: Make sure that anyone who watches your cooking demonstration video can follow along and make the sandwich.

Requirements: Create a cooking demonstration video that is at least three minutes long. The video must contain the following elements:

1. A spoken or written introduction that explains which sandwich is being made
2. A spoken or written description of the culture that created the sandwich
3. A spoken or written description of each ingredient, including how much is required for the recipe
4. Video showing each ingredient
5. Video showing the process of you making the sandwich
6. Spoken or written step-by-step instructions describing each step you’re performing in the video
7. Video displaying the finished sandwich

Timeline: Due before the start of Session 6

Not everyone feels comfortable in front of a camera, so consider shooting the video at an angle that you feel comfortable with. The most important thing for the person watching the video is that they can see the food and how you’re performing each step. Below are some images to help you think about which angle you might want to use.

Shutterstock.com. (2020, May 12). The conversation cooking show, The headless chef, Top-Down [Photograph]. Retrieved on May 6, 2021 from https://www.shutterstock.com/blog/free-elements-for-food-videos

Good luck making your video! Remember that the person watching your video will need to be able to follow along, so how you describe each step of the process is important. Here’s a silly video that shows what happens when the instructions aren’t so clear.

Josh Darnit. (2017, April 19). Exact instructions challenge PB&J classroom friendly | Josh Darnit [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FN2RM-CHkuI

Congratulations, you've created an entire multimedia cooking experience and learned about different cultures that invented the foods we love! Now it's time to enjoy everyone's hard work.

If after all of this you’re still hungry for more, that’s great! You could invent your own sandwich or start a cooking channel. If you’re feeling full, then that’s okay too. We all really appreciate that you reviewed a classmate’s project and commented on different updates. Your feedback helps us all grow.

I hope you’ve enjoyed our six sessions together as much as the kids in this video enjoyed eating some of these sandwiches. See you in the kitchen!

Epicurious. (2016, August 29). Kids try 100 years of sandwiches from 1900 to 2000 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FvsVA3J_S1g